Meaning:

Land reform refers to efforts to reform the ownership and regulation of land in India. Traditionally land reform means redistribution of property rights in land for the benefit of small farmers and agricultural laborers. in other words land reform refers to the reforming of a defective structure of land holdings landform is a plant and institutional organization of the relation between man and land. The measures of land reforms in India are.

 Measures under Land Reforms:

To overcome the defects and safeguard the interest of the tenants the state government has enacted necessary legislations they are.

• Fixation of rents: Exorbitant rents charged by the landlords from the tenants’ constraint the government during the post independence period to the certain measure to fix the reasonable rents. The first and the second plans have suggested the rate of rent should not exceed 1/4 or 1/5th of the gross produce. Even though legislations pertaining to the fixation of rents have been passed by a number of states that implementation of these laws has been in effective in many states.
• Maximum limits: Maximum limit to the amount of rent legally chargeable by the landlord from tenants have been prescribed in most of the states for example it cannot exceed one /third of the gross product in Punjab and the Haryana,1/4 Orissa and Andhra Pradesh etc.
• Security of tenure: The security of tenure would provide some incentive to the certain improvements of permanent nature on the land they cultivate. Many States have enacted legislation providing for the security so long as they continue paying rent. in some states like Maharashtra, Gujarat Etc. Tenants have been granted security of tenure in respect of areas not resume able by the landlord for his personal cultivation. In some States the minimum period of lease of land has been prescribed.
• Rights of purchasing their holdings: Tenancy reforms ultimately aim at conferring the right of ownership of land on the tenants to encourage hardworking tenants to become owner cultivators. many state government has given tenants that right to purchase their holding this right, however is subjected to the condition that the total holding of the landlords is not thereby reduce below the limit laid down for maximum moldings of a landlord.
• Competition for permanent improvements: Several state governments have laid down that at the time of quitting the land, the tenant is entitle to compensation for such improvement as farm building, drainage, Wells Etc. which he may have made  for trees him might have grown.
• Right to pledge: in order to enable tenants to obtain institutional credit tenants should have the right to pledge their interest in land taken on rent by them. Some States have made a provision to this effect in their tenancy legislation.
• Prohibition of future tenancy: In a few States, creation of a tenancy in future has been prohibited that is only special cases and that also for a limited period of 3 years at a time.
• Remission of rent: Remission of rent of the tenants in times of famines or other natural calamities when the land is given relief through the remission of land revenue.
• Illegality of an authorized Levy: Began other unauthorized levies have been declared illegal.
• Exemption from attachment: some exemption from attachment is provided in the case of arrears of rent. The exempted items are the tenant standing crops, tools implement, cattle’s etc.

also read: explain the causes and measures of low agricultural productivity in India.